Last data update: Apr 29, 2024. (Total: 46658 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Hudson MJ[original query] |
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Longitudinal serologic and viral testing post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and post-receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a nursing home cohort-Georgia, October 2020-April 2021 (preprint)
Tobolowsky FA , Waltenburg MA , Moritz ED , Haile M , DaSilva JC , Schuh AJ , Thornburg NJ , Westbrook A , McKay SL , LaVoie SP , Folster JM , Harcourt JL , Tamin A , Stumpf MM , Mills L , Freeman B , Lester S , Beshearse E , Lecy KD , Brown LG , Fajardo G , Negley J , McDonald LC , Kutty PK , Brown AC , Bhatnagar A , Bryant-Genevier J , Currie DW , Campbell D , Gilbert SE , Hatfield KM , Jackson DA , Jernigan JA , Dawson JL , Hudson MJ , Joseph K , Reddy SC , Wilson MM . medRxiv 2022 01 (10) e0275718 Importance: There are limited data describing SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses and their durability following infection and vaccination in nursing home residents. Objective(s): To evaluate the quantitative titers and durability of binding antibodies detected after SARSCoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 vaccination. Design(s): A prospective longitudinal evaluation included nine visits over 150 days; visits included questionnaire administration, blood collection for serology, and paired anterior nasal specimen collection for testing by BinaxNOWTM COVID-19 Ag Card (BinaxNOW), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and viral culture. Setting(s): A nursing home during and after a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Participant(s): 11 consenting SARS-CoV-2-positive nursing home residents. Main Outcomes and Measures: SARS-CoV-2 testing (BinaxNOWTM, RT-PCR, viral culture); quantitative titers of binding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-infection and post-vaccination (beginning after the first dose of the primary series). Result(s): Of 10 participants with post-infection serology results, 9 (90%) had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies and 8 (80%) had detectable IgM antibodies. At first antibody detection post-infection, two-thirds (6/9, 67%) of participants were RT-PCR-positive but none were culture positive. Ten participants received vaccination; all had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies through their final observation <=90 days post-first dose. Post-vaccination geometric means of IgG titers were 10-200-fold higher than post-infection. Conclusions and Relevance: Nursing home residents in this cohort mounted robust immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 post-infection and post-vaccination. The augmented antibody responses post-vaccination are potential indicators of enhanced protection that vaccination may confer on previously infected nursing home residents. Copyright The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. This article is a US Government work. It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license. |
Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile, multiuse ultrasound gel - 10 states, May-September 2021
Hudson MJ , Park SC , Mathers A , Parikh H , Glowicz J , Dar D , Nabili M , LiPuma JJ , Bumford A , Pettengill MA , Sterner MRJr , Paoline J , Tressler S , Peritz T , Gould J , Hutter SR , Moulton-Meissner H , Perkins KM . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022 71 (48) 1517-1521 In July 2021, the Virginia Department of Health notified CDC of a cluster of eight invasive infections with Burkholderia stabilis, a bacterium in the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC), among hospitalized patients at hospital A. Most patients had undergone ultrasound-guided procedures during their admission. Culture of MediChoice M500812 nonsterile ultrasound gel used in hospital A revealed contamination of unopened product with B. stabilis that matched the whole genome sequencing (WGS) of B. stabilis strains found among patients. CDC and hospital A, in collaboration with partner health care facilities, state and local health departments, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), identified 119 B. stabilis infections in 10 U.S. states, leading to the national recall of all ultrasound gel products produced by Eco-Med Pharmaceutical (Eco-Med), the manufacturer of MediChoice M500812. Additional investigation of health care facility practices revealed frequent use of nonsterile ultrasound gel to assist with visualization in preparation for or during invasive, percutaneous procedures (e.g., intravenous catheter insertion). This practice could have allowed introduction of contaminated ultrasound gel into sterile body sites when gel and associated viable bacteria were not completely removed from skin, leading to invasive infections. This outbreak highlights the importance of appropriate use of ultrasound gel within health care settings to help prevent patient infections, including the use of only sterile, single-use ultrasound gel for ultrasonography when subsequent percutaneous procedures might be performed. |
Longitudinal serologic and viral testing post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and post-receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a nursing home cohort-Georgia, October 2020‒April 2021.
Tobolowsky FA , Waltenburg MA , Moritz ED , Haile M , DaSilva JC , Schuh AJ , Thornburg NJ , Westbrook A , McKay SL , LaVoie SP , Folster JM , Harcourt JL , Tamin A , Stumpf MM , Mills L , Freeman B , Lester S , Beshearse E , Lecy KD , Brown LG , Fajardo G , Negley J , McDonald LC , Kutty PK , Brown AC , Bhatnagar A , Bryant-Genevier J , Currie DW , Campbell D , Gilbert SE , Hatfield KM , Jackson DA , Jernigan JA , Dawson JL , Hudson MJ , Joseph K , Reddy SC , Wilson MM . PLoS One 2022 17 (10) e0275718 There are limited data describing SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses and their durability following infection and vaccination in nursing home residents. We conducted a prospective longitudinal evaluation of 11 consenting SARS-CoV-2-positive nursing home residents to evaluate the quantitative titers and durability of binding antibodies detected after SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 vaccination. The evaluation included nine visits over 150 days from October 25, 2020, through April 1, 2021. Visits included questionnaire administration, blood collection for serology, and paired anterior nasal specimen collection for testing by BinaxNOW™ COVID-19 Ag Card (BinaxNOW), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and viral culture. We evaluated quantitative titers of binding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-infection and post-vaccination (beginning after the first dose of the primary series). The median age among participants was 74 years; one participant was immunocompromised. Of 10 participants with post-infection serology results, 9 (90%) had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies, and 8 (80%) had detectable IgM antibodies. At first antibody detection post-infection, two-thirds (6/9, 67%) of participants were RT-PCR-positive, but none were culture- positive. Ten participants received vaccination; all had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies through their final observation ≤90 days post-first dose. Post-vaccination geometric means of IgG titers were 10-200-fold higher than post-infection. Nursing home residents in this cohort mounted robust immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 post-infection and post-vaccination. The augmented antibody responses post-vaccination are potential indicators of enhanced protection that vaccination may confer on previously infected nursing home residents. |
Clinical outcomes of monoclonal antibody therapy during a COVID-19 outbreak in a skilled nursing facility-Arizona, 2021.
Dale AP , Hudson MJ , Armenta D , Friebus H , Ellingson KD , Davis K , Cullen T , Brady S , Komatsu KK , Stone ND , Uyeki TM , Slifka KJ , Perez-Velez CM , Keaton AA . J Am Geriatr Soc 2022 70 (4) 960-967 BACKGROUND: Adult residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNF) have experienced high morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection and are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 disease. Use of monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment improves clinical outcomes among high-risk outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, but information on mAb effectiveness in SNF residents with COVID-19 is limited. We assessed outcomes in SNF residents with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 associated with an outbreak in Arizona during January-February 2021 that did and did not receive a mAb. METHODS: Medical records were reviewed to describe the effect of bamlanivimab therapy on COVID-19 mortality. Secondary outcomes included referral to an acute care setting and escalation of medical therapies at the SNF (e.g., new oxygen requirements). Residents treated with bamlanivimab were compared to residents who were eligible for treatment under the FDA's Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) but were not treated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine association between outcomes and treatment status. RESULTS: Seventy-five residents identified with COVID-19 during this outbreak met eligibility for mAb treatment, of whom 56 received bamlanivimab. Treated and untreated groups were similar in age and comorbidities associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease. Treatment with bamlanivimab was associated with reduced 21-day mortality (adjusted OR=0.06; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.39) and lower odds of initiating oxygen therapy (adjusted OR=0.07; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.34). Referrals to acute care were not significantly different between treated and untreated residents. CONCLUSIONS: mAb therapy was successfully administered to SNF residents with COVID-19 in a large outbreak setting. Treatment with bamlanivimab reduced 21-day mortality and reduced initiation of oxygen therapy. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolves and newer immunotherapies gain FDA authorization, more studies of the effectiveness of mAb therapies for treating emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in high-risk congregate settings are needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
Facial nerve palsy including Bell's palsy: case definitions and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunisation safety data
Rath B , Gidudu JF , Anyoti H , Bollweg B , Caubel P , Chen YH , Cornblath D , Fernandopulle R , Fries L , Galama J , Gibbs N , Grilli G , Grogan P , Hartmann K , Heininger U , Hudson MJ , Izurieta HS , Jevaji I , Johnson WM , Jones J , Keller-Stanislawski B , Klein J , Kohl K , Kokotis P , Li Y , Linder T , Oleske J , Richard G , Shafshak T , Vajdy M , Wong V , Sejvar J . Vaccine 2016 35 (15) 1972-1983 Facial nerve palsy is classified based on the location of its lesion. Central facial nerve palsy is the consequence of an upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion of the 7th cranial nerve, while peripheral palsy is due to a lesion of a lower motor neuron (LMN). Peripheral facial nerve palsy is the partial (i.e., paresis) or complete (i.e., paralysis) loss of function of some or all the structures innervated by the facial nerve (i.e. cranial nerve VII). Facial nerve palsy is also classified by the time course of its development depending on whether acute (minutes to days), subacute (days to weeks) or chronic (longer than weeks). Acute onset facial palsies are common. The most common cause of acute onset, central facial palsy is stroke. However, of the acute onset, peripheral facial palsies, the most common syndrome is that of idiopathic, acute onset, peripheral facial palsy, better known as Bell's palsy. Henceforth in this document, it will be understood that, when discussing Bell's palsy, we are referring to peripheral facial palsy that is ‘acute-onset’. | Clinical signs of peripheral facial nerve palsy include loss of facial tone with obliteration of the naso-labial fold, inability to raise the eyebrows and wrinkle the forehead, smile, open or draw the corner of the mouth, and completely close the eye on the affected side [1], [2], [3], [4]. They may further include hyperacusis, dryness of eye and decreased salivation. Peripheral facial nerve palsy most commonly presents on one side of the face, leading to facial asymmetry, or “facial droop” [1], [5]. Simultaneous bilateral acute-onset cases have also been described and are now recognised as an uncommon clinical feature [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13]. |
Diarrhea: case definition and guidelines for collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data
Gidudu J , Sack DA , Pina M , Hudson MJ , Kohl KS , Bishop P , Chatterjee A , Chiappini E , Compingbutra A , da Costa C , Fernandopulle R , Fischer TK , Haber P , Masana W , de Menezes MR , Kang G , Khuri-Bulos N , Killion LA , Nair C , Poerschke G , Rath B , Salazar-Lindo E , Setse R , Wenger P , Wong VC , Zaman K . Vaccine 2010 29 (5) 1053-71 Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is a common medical condition that is characterized by increased frequency of bowel movements and increased liquidity of stool [1], [2]. Although acute diarrhea is typically self-limiting, it can be severe and can lead to profound dehydration, which can lead to abnormally low blood volume, low blood pressure, and damage to the kidneys, heart, liver, brain and other organs. Acute diarrhea remains a major cause of infant mortality around the world. Over 2 million deaths are attributed to acute diarrhea each year world-wide, most of them in the developing world. [3], [4], [5]. Children and the elderly are particularly prone to dehydration secondary to diarrhea. | Diarrhea has been defined over time by various scientific groups and health organizations in different ways, such as: “the passage of loose unformed stools” [6] or “three looser-than normal stools in a 24-h period” [7], [8] with emphasis on the consistency of stools rather than the number [9]. In epidemiological studies, diarrhea is usually defined as the passage of three or more loose or watery stools in a 24-h period, a loose stool being one that takes the shape of a stool container [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. |
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